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A lanthanum borohydride cathode thermionic source is a type of thermionic converter that utilizes lanthanum borohydride as the cathode material. Thermionic converters are devices that convert heat directly into electricity by exploiting the thermionic emission phenomenon. This phenomenon occurs when a material, known as the cathode, is heated to a high temperature, causing the emission of electrons. These emitted electrons can then be collected and used to generate an electric current. - The LaB6 parts with high purity are produced by hot-pressing sintering process; - The LaB6 products are full density which keep very good stability and very long lifetime; - Cathode electron emitter in vaccuum metalized machines; - The LaB6 cathode is used in high-tech testing instrument industry, such as electronic microscope, auger spectrometer and so on because of high brightness, long lifetime characteristics. Properties of Lanthanum Boride Ceramics Property Item Data Unit Mechanical Characteristics Color Violet g/cm3 Density 4.73 MPa Bending Strength - MPa Compressive strength - GPa Elastic Modulus - MPa m1/2 Fracture Toughness - m Weber Coefficient - HV 0.5 Vickers Hardness 2800 MPa Thermal Characteristics Coefficient of Line Thermal Expansion 4.9 10-6 K-1 Thermal Conductivity - W/mK Melting Point 2,200 °C Oxidation Temperature 600 °C Electrical Characteristics Volume Resistance at 20°C 15~27 μΩcm Work Function 2.66 eV Emission Current Density 29 Acm-2 Emission constant 29 A/cm2⋅K2 Chemical Characteristics Nitric Acid (60%) 90°C - WT Loss mg/cm2/day Sulphuric Acid (95%) 95°C - Caustic Soda (30%) 80°C -

Electrostatic discharge-safe ceramics, ESD-Safe ceramics, is developed to protect sensitive microelectronic components from static electricity buildup. This ESD-Safe ceramics can slowly dissipate accumulated electrostatic and senconary electron charges ---- preventing rapid discharge or arcing. - The prepared ESD-Safe ceramic powder is pressed, sintered and the precision grinded, which makes the overall products is anti-static, to avoid the products loss of anti-static effect because of wearing; - The surface resistivity of ESD-Safe ceramics is strictly controlled within the range of 106~108 ohms/sq; - The ESD-Safe ceramics parts have good toughness and high bending strength; - The products have excellent wear and corrosion resistance; - The ESD-Safe ceramics parts have low thermal expansion and dimensional stability. Typical applications of our ESD-Safe ceramic products include: - End effectors - ESD sensitive component handling - Data storage components - Data storage manufacturing tools Properties of EDS-Safe ceramics Property Item Data Unit Mechanical Characteristics Color Light yellow Density 5.68 g/cm3 Bending Strength 450 MPa Compressive strength 2,000 MPa Elastic Modulus - GPa Fracture Toughness 6 MPa m1/2 Weber Coefficient 12 m Vickers Hardness (HV 0.5) 1,000 MPa Thermal Characteristics Coefficient of Line Thermal Expansion 8 10-6 K-1 Thermal Conductivity 3 W/mK Thermal Shock Resistance (Put in Water) 450 ∆T °C Max Working Temperature 800 °C Electrical Characteristics Volume Resistance at 20°C 106~108 Ωcm Dielectric Strength - V/m Dielectric Constant - εr Dielectric Loss Angle at 20°C (1MHz) - tanδ Chemical Characteristics Nitric Acid (60%) 90°C 0.1 WT Loss mg/cm2/day Sulphuric Acid (95%) 95°C 0.3 Caustic Soda (30%) 80°C 0.1

Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) Ceramics Silicon Nitride has very good synthetical properties, such as extremely high strength, outstanding crack resistance, excellent wear and chemical resistance, good heat conductivity, very low heat expansion, excellent thermal shock capability (ie; cycles from RT to 750°C in 7 seconds and repeated every 30 seconds), not wetted by many metal and alloys, and electrically insulating. Due to these properties and its low weight, silicon nitride is a material for the highest demands. Silicon Nitride is produced in three main types: Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride (RBSN), Hot Pressed Silicon Nitride (HPSN) and Sintered Silicon Nitride (SSN). RBSN gives a relatively low-density product compared with hot pressed and sintered Silicon Nitride. HPSN and SSN materials offer better physical properties suitable for more demanding applications. Typical Applications include: * Molten metal handling (including crucible / wear plates) * Induction heating coil supports * Welding nozzles, fixtures and weld location pins * Dental heat treatment supports * Thermocouple sheaths * Bearings and rollers * Glow plugs * Cutting tools Properties of Silicon nitride ceramics (Si3N4) Property Item Data Unit Mechanical Characteristics Color Grey/Black Density 3.22 g/cm3 Bending Strength 750 MPa Compressive strength 3,800 MPa Elastic Modulus 290 GPa Fracture Toughness 7 MPa m1/2 Weber Coefficient 15 m Vickers Hardness (HV 0.5) 1,700 MPa Thermal Characteristics Coefficient of Line Thermal Expansion 2 10-6 K-1 Thermal Conductivity 20 W/mK Thermal Shock Resistance (Put in Water) 750 ∆T °C Max Working Temperature 1,300 °C Electrical Characteristics Volume Resistance at 20°C >1014 Ωcm Dielectric Strength 10×106 V/m Dielectric Constant - εr Dielectric Loss Angle at 20°C(1MHz) - tanδ Chemical Characteristics Nitric Acid (60%) 90°C 1 WT Loss mg/cm2/day Sulphuric Acid (95%) 95°C ≒0.00 Caustic Soda (30%) 80°C 0.2

Magnesia Partially Stabilized Zirconia Mg-PSZ Ceramics Zirconia naturally occurs in the form of the mineral baddeleyite. For ceramics purposes, however, it is extracted from zirconium sand and other minerals containing zirconium in order to satisfy high standards of purity.fdfdsa Zirconia offers chemical and corrosion resistance at high temperatures up to 2100°C – well above the melting point of Alumina. In its pure form, crystal structure changes limit use in mechanical/temperature applications, but stabilised Zirconias with Ytrium Oxide or Magnesium additives can produce materials with very high strength, hardness and in particular, toughness. - Such products are produce by magnesia partially stabilized zirconia, which have very different properties compare to 3Y-TZP; - Such Mg-PSZ products have very good mechical properties in high temperature and with Max. using temperature 2000°C; - Such Mg-PSZ products can be used in hot and humidity environment for a long time without "Low temperature aging"; - Compare to 3Y-TZP, Such Mg-PSZ products have very good themal shock resistance; - Very good sesistance to chemical corrosion, ziconia can stable in acid, alkali, liquid glass and molten metal. Properties of Mg-PSZ Ceramics Property Item Data Unit Mechanical Characteristics Color Yellow Density 5.7 g/cm3 Bending Strength 450 MPa Compressive strength 2,500 MPa Elastic Modulus 250 GPa Fracture Toughness 6~7 MPa m1/2 Weber Coefficient 12 m Vickers Hardness (HV 0.5) 1,100 MPa Thermal Characteristics Coefficient of Line Thermal Expansion 10 10-6 K-1 Thermal Conductivity 3 W/mK Thermal Shock Resistance (Put in Water) 450 ∆T °C Max Working Temperature 2,100 °C Electrical Characteristics Volume Resistance at 20°C >1013 Ωcm Dielectric Strength 13×105 V/m Dielectric Constant 28 εr Dielectric Loss Angle at 20°C(1MHz) 0.0017 tanδ Chemical Characteristics Nitric Acid (60%) 90°C 0.1 WT Loss mg/cm2/day Sulphuric Acid (95%) 95°C 0.34 Caustic Soda (30%) 80°C 0.95

Nanometer Zirconia (Nano 3Y-TZP) Zirconia naturally occurs in the form of the mineral baddeleyite. For ceramics purposes, however, it is extracted from zirconium sand and other minerals containing zirconium in order to satisfy high standards of purity. Zirconia offers chemical and corrosion resistance at high temperatures up to 2100°C – well above the melting point of Alumina. In its pure form, crystal structure changes limit use in mechanical/temperature applications, but stabilised Zirconias with Ytrium Oxide or Magnesium additives can produce materials with very high strength, hardness and in particular, toughness. - 3Y-TZP have excellent mechanial properties and have very high bending strength in room temperature; - 3Y-TZP is called to "ceramic steel" because of its very high resistance to crack propagation, high fracture toughness; - With similar to some types of steel themal expansion, 3Y-TZP can connect with steel easily; - Very good sesistance to chemical corrosion, ziconia can stable in acid, alkali, liquid glass and molten metal. Properties of Zirconia ceramics (3Y-TZP) Property Item Data Unit Mechanical Characteristics Color Blue Density 6.05 g/cm3 Bending Strength 1200 MPa Compressive strength 3,000 MPa Elastic Modulus 220 GPa Fracture Toughness 14 MPa m1/2 Weber Coefficient 25 m Vickers Hardness (HV 0.5) 1,200 MPa Thermal Characteristics Coefficient of Line Thermal Expansion 10 10-6 K-1 Thermal Conductivity 2 W/mK Thermal Shock Resistance (Put in Water) 300 ∆T °C Max Working Temperature 1,000 °C Electrical Characteristics Volume Resistance at 20°C >1013 Ωcm Dielectric Strength 11×106 V/m Dielectric Constant 33 εr Dielectric Loss Angle at 20°C(1MHz) 0.0016 tanδ Chemical Characteristics Nitric Acid (60%) 90°C ≒0.00 WT Loss mg/cm2/day Sulphuric Acid (95%) 95°C 0.04 Caustic Soda (30%) 80°C 0.08

Yttria Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia 3Y-TZP Ceramics Zirconia naturally occurs in the form of the mineral baddeleyite. For ceramics purposes, however, it is extracted from zirconium sand and other minerals containing zirconium in order to satisfy high standards of purity. Zirconia offers chemical and corrosion resistance at high temperatures up to 2100°C – well above the melting point of Alumina. In its pure form, crystal structure changes limit use in mechanical/temperature applications, but stabilised Zirconias with Ytrium Oxide or Magnesium additives can produce materials with very high strength, hardness and in particular, toughness. - 3Y-TZP have excellent mechanial properties and have very high bending strength in room temperature; - 3Y-TZP is called to "ceramic steel" because of its very high resistance to crack propagation, high fracture toughness; - With similar to some types of steel themal expansion, 3Y-TZP can connect with steel easily; - Very good sesistance to chemical corrosion, ziconia can stable in acid, alkali, liquid glass and molten metal. Properties of Zirconia ceramics (3Y-TZP) Property Item Data Unit Mechanical Characteristics Color Ivory Density 6.01 g/cm3 Bending Strength 1000 MPa Compressive strength 3,000 MPa Elastic Modulus 200 GPa Fracture Toughness 10 MPa m1/2 Weber Coefficient 15 m Vickers Hardness (HV0.5) 1,200 MPa Thermal Characteristics Coefficient of Line Thermal Expansion 10 10-6 K-1 Thermal Conductivity 3 W/mK Thermal Shock Resistance (Put in Water) 300 ∆T °C Max Working Temperature 1,000 °C Electrical Characteristics Volume Resistance at 20°C >1013 Ωcm Dielectric Strength 11×106 V/m Dielectric Constant 33 εr Dielectric Loss Angle at 20°C (1MHz) 0.0016 tanδ Chemical Characteristics Nitric Acid (60%) 90°C ≒0.00 WT Loss mg/cm2/day Sulphuric Acid (95%) 95°C 0.04 Caustic Soda (30%) 80°C 0.08

In recent years, zirconia ceramics have achieved significant sales growth in the European and American markets due to their excellent performance. This material is widely used in various fields such as medical, automotive, aerospace, and electronics due to its high strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility.     With the continuous advancement of technology and the increasing demand for high-performance materials, the zirconia ceramic market is expected to continue to grow. Especially in the medical, automotive, and electronics industries, zirconia ceramics have broad application prospects.   In addition, our company also produces Alumina Ceramic, Blue Nano Zirconia Ceramics，Silicon Nitride Ceramics，ESD-Safe Ceramics，Silicon Nitride Ceramics All products have ultra-high quality and stable performance.   Looking forward to working with you.

Alumina ceramics Alumina in its various degrees of purity is a versatile material that offers a combination of good mechanical and electrical properties and probably the most important oxide ceramic for widely varying technical applications. Depending on the alumina purity, particular the purity ranging from 95% to >99.7%, these aluminum oxide ceramics have variety of properties: * Good mechanical strength * Good heat conductivity * Good fire resistance * Good corrosion and wear resistance * Good sliding properties * Very good electric insulation It is suitable for a wide range of applications including seal rings, laser tubes, electrical insulators, threadguides, refractory devices, electronic substrates, thermocouple tubes, grinding media and wear components. It has a good strength and stiffness, very high hardness and resistance to wear. In addition it can be readily joined to metals or other ceramics using specially developed metallising and brazing techniques. Properties of Alumina ceramics (Al2O3) Property Item Data Unit 99.8% alumina 99% alumina 95% alumina Mechanical Characteristics Color Ivory Light yellow White Density 3.93 3.85 3.7 g/cm3 Bending Strength 370 310 300 MPa Compressive strength 2,500 2,400 2,300 MPa Elastic Modulus 390 340 320 GPa Fracture Toughness 4 3~4 3~4 MPa m1/2 Weber Coefficient 12 12 12 m Vickers Hardness (HV 0.5) 1,850 1,600 1,400 MPa Thermal Characteristics Coefficient of Line Thermal Expansion 7~8 7~8 7~ 8 10-6 K-1 Thermal Conductivity 32 29 20 W/mK Thermal Shock Resistance (Put in Water) 280 200 250 ∆T °C Max Working Temperature 1,750 1,600 1,500 °C Electrical Characteristics Volume Resistance at 20°C >1014 >1014 >1014 Ωcm Dielectric Strength 15×106 15×106 15×106 V/m Dielectric Constant 10 10 9 εr Dielectric Loss Angle at 20°C (One MHz) 0.0001 0.0002 0.0004 tanδ Chemical Characteristics Nitric Acid (60%) 90°C 0.05 0.1 0.1 WT Loss mg/cm2/day Sulphuric Acid (95%) 95°C 0.22 0.34 0.3 Caustic Soda (30%) 80°C 0.04 0.95 0.9